The buffer storage tank is selected for a previously chosen heat source (boiler) and calculated in such a way that it can accumulate all the heat produced by this source, or for a consumer that should be provided with heat produced by a low-power source before the time of heat consumption.
The priority in selecting a buffer storage tank will be the source, if its power or heat generation time is limited, for example:
The priority in selecting a buffer storage tank will be the consumer, if it is necessary to cover a given heat load in a certain time, for example:
Calculation of the buffer storage tank consists of determining the accumulative capacity of the stored volume of water. The accumulative capacity of water is characterized by heat capacity equal to 4.187 kJ * kg/°C. This means that to heat one kilogram of water by 1°C, it is necessary to supply the amount of heat equivalent to 4.187 kJ or, which is also the same, = 1 kcal = 1.163 W. For example, if we have a buffer storage tank with a volume of 1000 liters (further on, the mass of 1 liter of water is assumed to be equal to 1 kg) and we heat it to 50°C, then it will accumulate heat energy 1000 * 50 = 50,000 kcal = 0.05 Gcal = 58 kWh. When removing heat and cooling the tank by 50°C, 0.05 Gcal of heat will be removed from it, respectively.
Depending on the application scheme, different methods of calculating buffer storage tanks are used, but in general, the following should be taken into account when choosing:
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